Computer science

Professional Web Accessibility Auditing Made Easy

Greg Gay, Digital Education Strategies, The Chang School
Digital Education Strategies, The Chang School, Ryerson University · Publisher EPUB dated 15 June 2018; iReadAll free-reading adaptation v4 · English · Published 2018

An applied introduction to web accessibility auditing, WCAG 2.0, manual and automated checks, assistive technology testing, user testing and audit reporting.

Learning stage
College introduction
Prerequisites
Basic web development, HTML and computer use; introductory accessibility knowledge is helpful.
Editorial review
2026-10-29

Contents

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  • About this iReadAll reading edition

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  • Cover

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  • Title Page

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  • Copyright

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  • Table Of Contents

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  • Preface

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  • Introduction
    • Introduction

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    • Introduction

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    • Objectives and Activities

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    • This Book Will Be Helpful To...

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    • Getting the Most Out of This Book

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    • Why Learn about Web Accessibility Auditing?

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    • Activity: Start Your Web Accessibility Auditing Toolkit

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  • 1. Aspects of Web Accessibility Auditing
    • 1. Aspects of Web Accessibility Auditing

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    • 1.1 Aspects of Web Accessibility Auditing

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    • 1.2 Types of Disabilities and Barriers

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    • 1.3 Common Sense

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    • 1.4 Things to Watch For

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    • 1.5 Automated Web Accessibility Testing

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    • 1.6 Manual Web Accessibility Testing

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    • 1.7 User Testing

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    • 1.8 Code Examination and Repair

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    • 1.9 ChromeVox Screen Reader

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    • 1.10 Activity: Experience Web Content From a Different Perspective

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    • 1.11 Self-Test 1

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  • 2. Introduction to WCAG 2.0
    • 2. Introduction to WCAG 2.0

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    • 2.1 Introduction to WCAG 2.0

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    • 2.2 Objectives and Activities

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    • 2.3 The Evolution of Web Accessibility

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    • 2.4 WCAG 2.0 Principles

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    • 2.5 WCAG 2.0 Accessibility Conformance

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    • 2.6 10 Key Guidelines

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    • 2.7 WCAG 2.0 Web Auditing Review Template

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    • 2.8 Activity: WCAG Scavenger Hunt

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    • 2.9 Self-Test 2

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  • 3. Automated Testing Tools
    • 3. Automated Testing Tools

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    • 3.1 Automated Testing Tools

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    • 3.2 Objectives and Activities

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    • 3.3 Limitations of Automated Web Accessibility Checkers

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    • 3.4 AChecker Web Accessibility Checker

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    • 3.5 WAVE Accessibility Evaluation Tool

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    • 3.6 Other Notable Accessibility Review Tools

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    • 3.7 Colour Contrast Evaluation

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    • 3.8 Readability Testing

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    • 3.9 Markup Validation

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    • 3.10 Activity: Compare AChecker and WAVE

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    • 3.11 Self-Test 3

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  • 4. Manual Testing Strategies
    • 4. Manual Testing Strategies

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    • 4.1 Manual Testing Strategies

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    • 4.2 Objectives and Activities

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    • 4.3 Tab Key Navigation Test

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    • 4.4 “Select All” Test

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    • 4.5 Code Examination and Repair

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    • 4.6 Media Review

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    • 4.7 Other Tools for Manual Testing

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    • 4.8 Activity: Chrome Tools

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    • 4.9 Self-Test 4

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  • 5. Assistive Technology Testing
    • 5. Assistive Technology Testing

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    • 5.1 Assistive Technology Testing

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    • 5.2 Objectives and Activities

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    • 5.3 Screen Reader Testing

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    • 5.4 Summary of Available Screen Readers

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    • 5.5 Other Assistive Technologies

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    • 5.6 Activity: Using ChromeVox to Find Accessibility Features

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    • 5.7 Self-Test 5

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  • 6. User Testing
    • 6. User Testing

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    • 6.1 User Testing

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    • 6.2 Objectives and Activities

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    • 6.3 Involving User Testers

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    • 6.4 Recruiting User Testers

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    • 6.5 Developing a Test Protocol

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    • 6.6 Recording Observations

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    • 6.7 Activity: Finding User Testers

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    • 6.8 Self-Test 6

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  • 7. Web Accessibility Reporting
    • 7. Web Accessibility Reporting

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    • 7.1 Web Accessibility Reporting

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    • 7.2 Objectives and Activities

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    • 7.3 Choosing an Audit

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    • 7.4 Informal Reviews

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    • 7.5 Template Audit and Audit Walk-through

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    • 7.6 General Audits

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    • 7.7 Detailed Audits

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    • 7.8 Follow-Up Audits

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    • 7.9 Tour of an Audit Report

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    • 7.10 Activity: Lulu's Lollipops Informal Review

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    • 7.11 Self-Test 7

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  • 8. Other Accessibility Standards
    • 8. Other Accessibility Standards

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    • 8.1 Other Accessibility Standards

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    • 8.2 Objectives and Activities

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    • 8.3 WCAG 2.0 Relation to International Web Accessibility Guidelines

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    • 8.4 ATAG 2.0 – Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines

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    • 8.5 UAAG 2.0 – User Agent Accessibility Guidelines

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    • 8.6 ISO/IEC-24751 (AccessForAll)

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    • 8.7 Web Accessibility Initiative – Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA)

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    • 8.8 Activity: Web Accessibility in Your Part of the World

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    • 8.9 Self-Test 8

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  • Book Recap

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  • Answer Key

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Sources and permissions

The author and publisher remain the source of this textbook. Permission information applies to the specific files in this edition.

Author, publisher, and discovery sources

Authors: Greg Gay, Digital Education Strategies, The Chang School
Publisher: Digital Education Strategies, The Chang School, Ryerson University

  • Discovered through Open Textbook Library: Source record · Checked 2026-10-29
  • Discovered through Open Textbook Library: Source record · Checked 2026-10-29
  • Discovered through Open Textbook Library: Source record · Checked 2026-10-29
CC BY-SA 4.0 except separately credited WebAIM material except separately credited components

Professional Web Accessibility Auditing Made Easy, Digital Education Strategies, The Chang School, Ryerson University; content by Greg Gay. Publisher EPUB dated 15 June 2018. Original and this navigation adaptation are CC BY-SA 4.0, except separately credited materials. Two broken Back to Top links are restored to their existing chapter headings. All original prose, teaching diagrams, software screenshots, video credits and external links remain. Video thumbnails and two separately credited photographs (an assistive-technology collage and a button switch) are omitted with visible explanations; their links and original credits remain. Publisher-excluded external videos and exercises are not bundled. Separately credited WebAIM survey material and the WebAIM tool screenshot: © WebAIM, Utah State University, https://webaim.org/ . Retained without content changes under https://webaim.org/copyright , which permits credited print/electronic reproduction and distribution at no cost to recipients. Survey source: https://webaim.org/projects/screenreadersurvey7/ . These components are not relicensed under CC BY-SA. This iReadAll edition is supplied for free reading and download; audio and translation are not approved by this notice. WebAIM material is explicitly attributed to © WebAIM, Utah State University, with https://webaim.org/ , https://webaim.org/copyright and https://webaim.org/projects/screenreadersurvey7/ . The complete iReadAll edition is for free reading and download only. Audio and translation are not approved.

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Changes: Explicitly labelled iReadAll adaptation: two exact Back to Top links repaired; thirty-three external-video posters and two separately credited photographs replaced by visible omission notices; original teaching prose and attribution retained; WebAIM attribution, source and no-cost distribution conditions added visibly to the edition notice. Original teaching prose is retained; no endorsement or automatic audio approval.

Checked 2026-10-29

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